评价系统研究的现状，本文基于中国知网（CNKI，http：//w ww.cnki.net）数据库，对有关土壤质量评价的文献进行检索与分析。结果表明：土壤质量评价指标大致分为物理、化学和生物学三大类，物理指标主要是土壤容重、机械组成、含水量、孔隙度、质地和土层厚度;化学指标主要是土壤有机质（SOM）、pH、大量元素的全量和有效量;生物指标主要是蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶、微生物生物量碳、微生物生物量氮。国内研究者通用的土壤质量评价方法是采用主成分分析（Principal Component Analysis，PCA）对最小数据集（Minimum Data Set，MDS）进行优化，主因子分析（Principal factor analysis，PFA）或层次分析（Analytic Hierarchy Process，AHP）确定各评价指标的权重，最后采用土壤相对质量指数法进行土壤质量综合评价。未来土壤质量评价系统发展趋势是采用主导性、敏感性、稳定性和独立性的分析手段对MDS的进行优化，客观合理的主客观综合赋值法确定各评价指标的权重，采用更全面客观真实反映土壤实际质量的分析方法评价土壤质量。
关键词：CNKI;土壤质量;评价指标;评价方法;文献分析
Analysis on Soil Quality Evaluation Studies Based on CNKI Database
CHEN Meng jun，XIAO Sheng yang，SHU Ying ge*
（College of Agriculture， Guizhou University， Guiyang， Guizhou 550025， China）
Abstract： In order to understand the research status of soil quality evaluation system in China， this paper analyzes the literatures about soil quality evaluationbased on information retrieved from China Knowledge Network （CNKI， http：//） database. The results show that the evaluation indicators of soil quality can be generally divided into three categories： physical， chemical and biological.The physical indicators are mainly soil bulk density， mechanical composition， water content， porosity， texture and soil thickness.The chemical indicators are mainly soil organic matter （SOM）， pH， total and effective amount of a large number of elements.The biological indicators are mainly sucrase， phosphatase， urease， catalase， microbial biomass carbon， microbial biomass nitrogen. The soil quality evaluation system generally employed by domestic researchers is to use Principal Component Analysis （PCA） to optimize Minimum Data Set （MDS）， and Principal factor analysis （PFA）or Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） to determine the weight of each evaluation index.Finally， the soil quality index method is used to comprehensively evaluate soil quality. The development trend of the future soil quality evaluation system is （i） to optimize the MDS by using dominant， sensitive， stable， and independent analysis methods， （ii） to objectively and reasonably determine the weight of each evaluation index by subjective and objective comprehensive valuation method and （iii） to evaluate soil quality by an analytical method that is more comprehensively and objectively reflectingthe actual soil quality.
Key words：CNKI; soil quality; evaluation indicator; evaluation method; literature analysis
相关热词搜索： 土壤 现状 评价 质量 数据库